Kwamfuta ya zama muhimmin bangare na rayuwarmu. Daga na'urorin hannu zuwa manyan tsarin uwar garken, sharuɗɗa da ra'ayoyi suna ƙara bambanta da rikitarwa. Don ƙarin fahimtar waɗannan sharuɗɗan, muna ba da cikakkiyar ƙamus na abubuwan da suka shafi kwamfuta, farawa da jerin mahimman kalmomin da suka fara da haruffa. S, T y U. Wannan ƙamus ɗin zai kasance da amfani a gare ku ko kun kasance ƙwararre ko kuma fara a fagen fasaha.
Sabis
Un servidor Kwamfuta ce ta tsakiya ta tsarin sadarwar da ke ba da ayyuka da shirye-shirye zuwa sauran kwamfutocin da aka haɗa. Ana amfani da wannan kalmar a wurare daban-daban, daga sabar gidan yanar gizon da ke karɓar gidajen yanar gizon zuwa fayil ɗin sabar da ke adanawa da sakin bayanai. A kowane hali, sabobin suna da mahimmanci saboda suna ba da damar ingantaccen gudanarwa da sarrafa manyan bayanai.
Yunƙurin ƙididdiga ya haifar da rarrabuwa a cikin nau'ikan sabobin, gami da sabar aikace-aikacen, rumbun adana bayanai da sabar na musamman kamar watsa bidiyo ko sabar caca.
Topologies Network: Tauraro da Zobe
La Tauraro Topology Tsari ne na hanyar sadarwa wanda duk nodes ke haɗa su zuwa cibiyar tsakiya. A wannan yanayin, cibiya ta zama muhimmiyar maƙasudin gazawa; Koyaya, sauƙin sa da sauƙin gudanarwa ya sa irin wannan nau'in topology ya zama gama gari a cikin cibiyoyin sadarwa na gida.
A daya bangaren kuma, a cikin a ringi cibiyar sadarwa, kowane kumburi an haɗa shi a cikin nau'in madauki ko zobe. Ana watsa bayanai ta hanya ɗaya, kuma kowane kumburi a cikin zoben yana da ikon sake aika wannan bayanan. Babban fa'idar ita ce kowane kumburi yana da daidaito wajen watsawa, amma rashin lahani shi ne duk wani katsewa yana shafar duk hanyar sadarwa.
A cikin ƙarin ci gaba na cibiyoyin sadarwa, tsarin gaurayawan da ke haɗa fasalulluka na topologies suma na gama gari. Waɗannan hanyoyin magance su suna ba da ƙarin aiki a yayin faɗuwa da haɓaka aikin cibiyar sadarwa gabaɗaya.
Canja ko Gada
El canza Na'ura ce ta hanyar sadarwa wacce ke haɗa nodes daban-daban kuma tana taimakawa wajen watsa bayanai a cikin hanyar sadarwar gida (LAN). Ta hanyar tsarin da ake kira hanyar zirga-zirgar ababen hawa, masu sauyawa suna kiyaye zirga-zirgar ababen hawa a kan daidai hanyarsa ba tare da cunkoso ba, suna rarraba fakitin bayanai yadda ya kamata.
Hakanan ana iya kiran shi azaman puente, kuma a cikin manyan cibiyoyin sadarwa, ana amfani da waɗannan na'urori don rarraba cibiyoyin sadarwa zuwa ƙananan sassa, don haka inganta aiki da tsaro.
SDRAM memory
La SDRAM (Aikin Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwaƙwalwa ) wani nau'i ne na ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya wanda ke aiki tare da agogon tsarin don samar da aiki mai sauri da inganci. Yawanci ana amfani da shi a wuraren aiki da sabar, SDRAM an san shi da ikonsa na sarrafa bayanai masu yawa a lokaci guda, yana da mahimmanci a cikin manyan wuraren da ake buƙata kamar sabar bayanai da aikace-aikacen lokaci-lokaci.
semiconductors
Un semiconductor Abu ne wanda zai iya aiki azaman insulator ko madugu dangane da yanayin waje. Semiconductors suna da mahimmanci wajen kera transistor, diodes da sauran kayan lantarki waɗanda ke zama zuciyar kwamfuta ta zamani. Haɓaka kayan kamar germanium da silicon sun kasance ci gaba mai mahimmanci a cikin masana'antar lantarki kuma ya ba da izinin ƙirƙirar na'urori masu inganci da ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan.
serial watsa
Watsa shirye-shiryen serial Yana jigilar bayanai bi-bi-bi-da-bi-bi-bi-bi-bi-bi-bi-bi-bi-bi-bi-bi-bi-bi-bi-bi-bi-bi-bi-bi-bi-bi-bi-bi-bi-bi-bi-bi-bi-biyar-bi-ya-bi-bi-bi-bi-bi-bi-a-bi-a-bi-a-sakamar-saka-sa-ka-sa-kwakwa-kwa-kwa-kwa-kwa-la-kwa-kwa-kwa-la-ba kamar watsawa na layi daya ba,wanda ke aika da ragi da dama a lokaci guda. Duk da cewa yana da hankali fiye da layi daya, yana da inganci ta fuskar farashi da nisa, yana mai da shi zabin da aka fi so a aikace-aikace daban-daban, kamar sadarwa tsakanin na'urori da kwamfutoci.
Shirin ScanDisk
El Duba Disk shiri ne na Windows wanda aka ƙera don bincika rumbun kwamfutarka don kurakurai da gyara su. Wannan manhaja tana da matukar amfani wajen inganta lafiyar faifai da kuma kara yawan aiki da tsawon rayuwarsu. Yana gano kurakurai a sassan faifai kuma yana iya gyara wasu daga cikinsu, yana maido da cikakken aiki zuwa abin da abin ya shafa.
Sabis na 0610 a Argentina
El sabis 0610 An aiwatar da shi a Argentina a matsayin hanyar rage farashin shiga Intanet. Ta hanyar shigar da prefix na 0610 zuwa lambar tarho na mai ba da Intanet, masu amfani za su iya haɗawa a cikin ragi, don haka ƙarfafa amfani da hanyar sadarwa a lokacin da Intanet ke ci gaba da haɓakawa.
Shareware
El Shareware Wani nau'in software ne wanda aka rarraba kyauta don lokacin gwaji. A ƙarshen wannan lokacin, masu amfani suna da zaɓi don siyan lasisi don ci gaba da amfani da shi ko jin daɗin ingantattun fasaloli. Wannan samfurin rarraba yana ba masu amfani damar kimanta shirin kafin yin sayan sa.
tsarin aiki
El tsarin aiki Ita ce babbar manhaja da ke sarrafa albarkatun kwamfuta kuma tana aiki a matsayin tsaka-tsaki tsakanin kayan masarufi da software. Wasu daga cikin mafi yawan tsarin aiki sun haɗa da Windows, macOS, Linux, da UNIX.
Ramin Faɗawa ko Ramin
da ramummuka Su ramummuka ne a kan motherboard waɗanda ke ba da izinin shigar da ƙarin kayan aiki kamar hotuna, sauti ko katunan sadarwar. Waɗannan ramummuka suna da mahimmanci don faɗaɗa ayyuka da aikin kwamfuta ba tare da buƙatar maye gurbin kwamfutar gaba ɗaya ba.
Saƙon SMS
El SMS (Short Message Service) sabis ne na aika saƙon wayar hannu wanda ke ba da damar aika saƙonnin rubutu har haruffa 160. Yana daya daga cikin hanyoyin farko na saƙon take kuma har yanzu ana amfani da shi a ƙasashe da yawa don sadarwa cikin sauri da inganci.
SMTP yarjejeniya
El SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) ƙayyadaddun ka'ida ce da ake amfani da ita don aika imel ta Intanet. Yana ɗaya daga cikin mahimman abubuwan da ke cikin tsarin watsa imel kuma yana dacewa da kusan dukkanin tsarin imel a duk duniya.
SNA gine-gine
La SNA (System Network Architecture) IBM ne ya ƙera shi don samar da ingantacciyar hanyar sadarwa tsakanin manyan hanyoyin sadarwa. Kodayake wasu fasahohi sun zarce ta a cikin sadarwar zamani, gine-ginen SNA ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen haɓaka manyan hanyoyin sadarwar kamfanoni.
Mai ba da shawara
Un mai jan hankali aikace-aikace ne da aka ƙera don saka idanu da kuma nazarin zirga-zirga akan hanyar sadarwa. Yayin da ake amfani da shi a cikin halaltattun mahalli don gano matsaloli da inganta aikin cibiyar sadarwa, ana iya amfani da shi da mugun nufi don kutse mahimman bayanai. Kamfanoni sukan yi amfani da ingantattun matakan tsaro don kariya daga shigar da maharba ba bisa ka'ida ba.
software
Kalmar software ya ƙunshi kowane shiri ko saitin shirye-shiryen da ke ba da damar kwamfuta. Ya bambanta daga tsarin aiki da ke sarrafa kayan aikin kwamfuta zuwa takamaiman aikace-aikace kamar masu gyara rubutu ko masu binciken Intanet.
Junk Mail ko Spam
El spam Yana da yawan aika saƙon imel ba tare da neman izini ba, galibi don dalilai na kasuwanci ko na zamba. Yin yaƙi da spam aiki ne mai mahimmanci don kiyaye tsaro da ingancin tsarin imel.
Socket
Un soket Ita ce ƙarshen haɗin haɗi akan hanyar sadarwa. Yana aiki azaman hanyar haɗi tsakanin shirin abokin ciniki da uwar garken, yana ba da damar sadarwa mai inganci a cikin hanyar sadarwa. Ana amfani da soket a aikace-aikace daban-daban, daga sabar yanar gizo zuwa taɗi ta kan layi.
SQL
El SQL (Structured Query Language) harshe ne na shirye-shirye da aka ƙera don mu'amala da bayanan bayanai. Ana amfani da shi don tambaya da canza bayanan da aka adana a cikin tsarin bayanai na alaƙa kamar MySQL, PostgreSQL da Microsoft SQL Server.
SSL Protocol
El SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) wata yarjejeniya ce da aka ƙirƙira don tabbatar da tsaro a cikin sadarwa ta Intanet, tana ba da ɓoyayyen bayanai tsakanin sabar da masu amfani. A yau magajinsa, TLS, galibi ana amfani dashi, amma har yanzu ana kiransa da baki as SSL.
Daidaita Gabatar da Fi'ili a cikin Kwamfuta
Kalmar sallama Yana da wani karbuwa na Turanci «Submit», wanda ke nufin aika. An fi amfani da shi wajen haɓaka yanar gizo don komawa zuwa ƙaddamar da fom ɗin HTML zuwa sabar.
Intanet Flat Rate
La kudi daya samfurin lissafin kuɗi ne wanda wasu masu samar da Intanet ke bayarwa, wanda ke ba masu amfani damar biyan ƙayyadaddun kuɗin wata-wata don samun damar hanyar sadarwa mara iyaka. Wannan tsari ya kasance mai mahimmanci wajen faɗaɗa damar Intanet, musamman a cikin gidaje.
Katin cibiyar sadarwa
Una katin sadarwa Ita ce na'urar da ke ba kwamfutar damar haɗawa da wasu kwamfutoci a cikin hanyar sadarwa. Waɗannan katunan suna da mahimmanci don cibiyoyin sadarwa na gida, mara waya ko tushen Ethernet.
Zane zane
Una Zane zane Sashin kayan masarufi ne da ke da alhakin sarrafawa da samar da hotuna da aka nuna akan allon kwamfuta. Wannan bangaren yana da mahimmanci don wasa, gyaran bidiyo, da sauran aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar ci gaba, zane mai inganci.
TCP / IP yarjejeniya
The protocol suite TCP / IP yana tabbatar da cewa ana watsa bayanai cikin dogaro akan cibiyoyin sadarwa irin su Intanet. Ita ce tushen haɗin kai a cikin hanyar sadarwar duniya ta yau.
Alamar Token
La Token Ring cibiyar sadarwa Wani nau'in gine-ginen cibiyar sadarwa ne inda ake haɗa na'urorin cibiyar sadarwa a cikin zobe. Ana watsa bayanan ta hanyar alamar bayanan da ke ci gaba da yawo ta cikin zobe.
transistor
El transistor Bangaren lantarki ne wanda ya kawo sauyi na kwamfuta na zamani. Yana aiki azaman mai kunnawa ko siginar ƙararrawa kuma shine tushen da'irori na microprocessor na yanzu.
Trojan
Un trojan Wani nau'in malware ne wanda ke canza kansa azaman software na halal, wani lokaci yana amfani da bayyanar marasa laifi ko amfani azaman yaudara. Babban manufarsa ita ce ba da izinin shiga na'ura mara izini don satar bayanai ko yin wasu munanan ayyuka.
Uxauka
Uxauka Shi ne mascot na hukuma na tsarin aiki na Linux. An kwatanta shi azaman penguin, ya zama alamar sananne a cikin al'ummar software na kyauta.
UNIX duniya
Unix tsaftataccen tsarin gine-gine ne, mai amfani da yawa, tsarin aiki da yawa wanda ya haifar da yawancin sauran tsarin kamar Linux, BSD, da Solaris. Kodayake bai shahara ba a cikin mahallin gida, har yanzu babban zaɓi ne a cikin sabar da wuraren aiki.
Kebul na USB
El kebul (Universal Serial Bus) daidaitaccen keɓancewa ne wanda ke ba ku damar haɗa abubuwan haɗin gwiwa kamar maɓallan madannai, na'urorin buga takardu da rumbun kwamfyuta na waje zuwa kwamfuta. Sauƙin amfaninsa da fasalin fulogi da wasan kwaikwayo sun sanya shi zama ɗaya daga cikin ƙa'idodin da aka fi ɗauka a duniyar kwamfuta na zamani.
USB ya samo asali akan lokaci, yana ba da juzu'i masu sauri kamar USB 2.0, 3.0 da USB-C, waɗanda suka dace da na'urorin hannu da kwamfyutoci.
Wannan ƙamus ya ƙunshi kalmomi da yawa, yana ba da ingantaccen gabatarwa ga mahimman ra'ayoyi a cikin kwamfuta. Yayin da fasaha ke ci gaba da haɓakawa, yana da mahimmanci don sanin waɗannan sharuɗɗan don ƙarin fahimtar yadda duniyar dijital da ke kewaye da mu ke aiki.